In this lesson, we will learn how to pluralize nouns. Today's vocabulary will focus on nouns that are exceptions to the rules for determining noun gender.

<h4 class="text-info mt-4 mb-2">Vocabulary:</h4>el clima - the climate
el idioma - the language
el tema - the subject (i.e. the subject to be discussed at a meeting)
el problema - the problem
el día - the day
la mano - the hand
la imagen - the image
el mapa - the map
la piel - the skin
la miel - the honey
el pez - the fish
la sal - the salt
el sol - the sun
la luz - the light
el agua - the water
el alma - the soul


[SLIDE 1]

To finish this lesson, we will look at pluralizing nouns.  Pluralizing nouns in Spanish follows a couple of basic rules.  For nouns ending in a vowel, add 's'.  For example, "la casa" becomes "las casas."  "El chico" becomes "los chicos."  Notice how the articles also changed to match the new plural nouns.

Now if the noun ends in a consonant, add 'es'.  "El papel" becomes "los papeles."  "La pared" becomes "las paredes."

One special case is when a noun ends in 'z'.  If it ends in 'z', change the 'z' to a 'c' and add 'es'.  "El lapiz" becomes "los lapices."  "La luz" becomes "las luces."